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Upper GI Endoscopy (EGD) Procedure

What is Upper GI Endoscopy?
Upper GI Endoscopy, also known as Esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), is a diagnostic and therapeutic procedure that allows a doctor to examine the esophagus, stomach, and upper part of the small intestine (duodenum). Using a thin, flexible tube with a camera (endoscope), this procedure helps diagnose and treat conditions such as acid reflux, ulcers, and digestive tract abnormalities.

When is Upper GI Endoscopy Recommended?

  • Persistent acid reflux or heartburn

  • Difficulty swallowing (dysphagia)

  • Chronic nausea or vomiting

  • Unexplained abdominal pain

  • Gastrointestinal bleeding (black stools or vomiting blood)

  • Suspected ulcers or tumors

  • Removal of foreign objects from the digestive tract

How is Upper GI Endoscopy Performed?

  1. Preparation:

    • The patient must fast for at least 6–8 hours before the procedure.

    • A mild sedative or anesthesia is administered for comfort.

  2. Insertion of the Endoscope:

    • A thin, flexible endoscope is gently inserted through the mouth and guided down the esophagus into the stomach and duodenum.

  3. Examination & Diagnosis:

    • The camera at the end of the endoscope transmits real-time images to a monitor.

    • The doctor carefully examines the inner lining of the upper digestive tract for inflammation, ulcers, or other abnormalities.

  4. Treatment During Endoscopy (If Required):

    • Tissue Biopsy: Small tissue samples may be taken for further analysis.

    • Polyp Removal: Any abnormal growths can be removed.

    • Bleeding Control: If bleeding is found, it can be stopped using specialized tools.

    • Dilation: If a stricture (narrowing) is detected, the esophagus may be widened.

  5. Completion & Recovery:

    • The procedure usually takes 15–30 minutes.

    • The patient is observed for a short period before being discharged.

    • Some may experience mild throat irritation, which subsides within a few hours.

Benefits of Upper GI Endoscopy

  • Provides a clear, detailed view of the digestive tract

  • Minimally invasive with a quick recovery time

  • Helps in early diagnosis of serious conditions like cancer

  • Can be used for both diagnosis and treatment