What is Endoscopic Banding?
Endoscopic banding, also known as variceal band ligation (VBL), is a specialized procedure used to treat enlarged veins (varices) in the esophagus or stomach. These varices, often caused by liver disease or portal hypertension, can lead to life-threatening bleeding if untreated. Endoscopic banding effectively stops bleeding and prevents future complications.

When is Endoscopic Banding Recommended?

• Esophageal or gastric varices due to liver disease (cirrhosis)

• A history of gastrointestinal bleeding

• High-risk varices detected during routine screening

• Chronic liver conditions that increase the risk of variceal bleeding

How is Endoscopic Banding Performed?

1. Preparation:

   • The patient must fast for at least 6–8 hours before the procedure.

   • A sedative or anesthesia is administered for comfort.

2. Insertion of the Endoscope:

   • A flexible endoscope with a camera is inserted through the mouth into the esophagus or stomach.

3. Application of Bands:

   • Small rubber bands are placed around the varices to cut off their blood supply.

   • Over time, the varices shrink and fall off naturally.

4. Completion & Recovery:

   • The procedure typically takes 20–30 minutes.

   • Patients are monitored for a short period before being discharged.

   • Mild throat discomfort or temporary difficulty swallowing may occur.

Benefits of Endoscopic Banding

• Minimally invasive with no surgical incisions

• Effectively stops active bleeding and prevents future episodes

• Quick procedure with minimal downtime

• Reduces the risk of severe complications from variceal rupture