What is Percutaneous Cholecystostomy?
Percutaneous Cholecystostomy (PC) is a minimally invasive radiology procedure used to drain an infected or inflamed gallbladder in critically ill patients who are unable to undergo surgery. A small catheter (drainage tube) is inserted through the skin into the gallbladder, allowing bile and infection to be drained, relieving pain and reducing complications.

When is PC Recommended?

  • Acute cholecystitis (gallbladder infection or inflammation) who are not fit for immediate surgery

  • Severe gallbladder infections (emphysematous or gangrenous cholecystitis)

  • Sepsis or critically ill conditions where emergency drainage is needed

  • Blockage of the gallbladder due to stones, tumors, or bile duct obstruction

  • High-risk surgical candidates who cannot undergo immediate gallbladder removal (cholecystectomy)

How is Percutaneous Cholecystostomy Performed?

  1. Preparation:

    • Blood tests and imaging (ultrasound, CT, or MRI) may be done before the procedure.

    • The patient must fast for 6–8 hours before the procedure.

    • Local anesthesia and sedation are given for comfort.

  2. Image-Guided Needle Insertion:

    • Using ultrasound or fluoroscopy (X-ray) guidance, a thin needle is inserted through the skin into the gallbladder.

  3. Catheter Placement:

    • A contrast dye is injected to confirm the correct position.

    • A drainage catheter is placed inside the gallbladder, allowing bile and pus to drain into an external bag.

  4. Completion & Recovery:

    • The procedure typically takes 30–45 minutes.

    • The patient is monitored and may need hospitalization for a few days.

    • The catheter may stay in place for a few weeks until the infection resolves, after which the patient may undergo gallbladder removal if necessary.

Benefits of Percutaneous Cholecystostomy

  • Immediate relief from gallbladder infection and inflammation

  • Minimally invasive alternative for high-risk surgical patients

  • Reduces the risk of complications like sepsis and organ failure

  • Can serve as a bridge to surgery or long-term management